The detection of satirical and sarcastic expressions in natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a complex challenge due to the inherent reliance on contextual incongruity, implicit knowledge, and pragmatic interpretation. Traditional sentiment analysis and classification approaches often fail to accurately identify such expressions because they depend heavily on surface-level lexical features and lack deeper contextual understanding. This study proposes a novel framework for context-focused satirical expression recognition that integrates knowledge-guided instructional learning within a prompt-based paradigm. The research is grounded in recent advancements in transformer-based architectures, knowledge-enhanced representations, and prompt engineering techniques.

The proposed methodology leverages pretrained language models such as BERT and RoBERTa to encode contextual semantics while incorporating external knowledge through structured knowledge bases and semantic enrichment mechanisms. Instructional learning is operationalized through carefully designed prompts that guide the model toward capturing contextual incongruity and semantic contradiction, which are central to satire detection. Furthermore, the study integrates multimodal and knowledge-aware attention mechanisms to enhance interpretability and performance across diverse datasets.

The research employs a hybrid methodological approach combining theoretical modeling and empirical evaluation. Comparative analysis is conducted against existing sarcasm detection models, including capsule networks, graph convolutional frameworks, and knowledge-augmented neural architectures. The findings demonstrate that knowledge-guided prompt learning significantly improves detection accuracy, particularly in cases involving implicit sarcasm and domain-specific satire. The framework also exhibits robustness in low-resource and cross-lingual settings.

This study contributes to the advancement of NLP by bridging the gap between contextual understanding and knowledge integration in satire recognition. It further highlights the importance of combining linguistic context, external knowledge, and instructional learning for improving semantic interpretation. The implications extend to applications such as social media monitoring, misinformation detection, and human-computer interaction. Limitations related to knowledge dependency and computational complexity are also discussed, along with future research directions focusing on adaptive learning and multimodal integration.

Sarcasm Detection, Satirical Expression Recognition, Prompt Learning

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