Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) remains a strategic instrument for addressing youth unemployment and enhancing socio-economic development in Nigeria. However, persistent structural, institutional, and pedagogical constraints have limited its effectiveness in achieving meaningful youth empowerment outcomes, particularly in Kano State. This study develops a systems-based assessment model to analyze the interrelationships between TVET constraints and empowerment outcomes, drawing on secondary empirical literature. The model integrates curriculum relevance, institutional capacity, resource adequacy, policy implementation, and labor market alignment as interconnected subsystems influencing employability and entrepreneurial readiness among youths. Findings from synthesized literature indicate that inadequate training materials, weak curriculum integration, poor funding mechanisms, and limited industry linkage significantly reduce TVET effectiveness (Adebisi, 2007; Ofoha et al., 2009). Conversely, evidence suggests that strategic reforms in curriculum design, skills alignment, and policy execution can substantially improve youth employment outcomes (Ajibola, 2008; Kennedy, 2011). The study concludes that a holistic systems-based intervention is essential for optimizing TVET performance in Kano State. It recommends integrated policy coordination, enhanced infrastructure investment, and dynamic curriculum restructuring aligned with industrial demands.

Technical and Vocational Education, Youth Empowerment, Systems-Based Model, Skills Development

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