The increasing demand for competency-based assessment in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) has necessitated the adoption of innovative digital solutions such as e-portfolio systems. In the context of Malaysian Skills Certification (MSC), traditional assessment mechanisms face challenges related to scalability, transparency, and evidence-based validation of competencies. This study proposes a conceptual framework for designing an integrated e-portfolio system aimed at enhancing the effectiveness, reliability, and accessibility of certification processes. Drawing upon existing literature on e-portfolio adoption, competency assessment, and digital learning environments, the framework incorporates pedagogical, technological, and assessment dimensions. The study employs a conceptual research design grounded in synthesis of empirical and theoretical works, identifying critical components such as user-centered architecture, competency mapping, reflective learning integration, and system interoperability. The findings highlight that a well-structured e-portfolio system can significantly improve learner engagement, facilitate continuous assessment, and support recognition of prior learning (RPL). The proposed model contributes to both academic and practical domains by offering a scalable architecture aligned with national qualification standards. Limitations include dependency on digital literacy and infrastructural readiness. Future research is recommended to empirically validate the framework and explore machine learning integration for automated competency evaluation.

E-portfolio system, Malaysian Skills Certification, competency assessment, digital learning architecture

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